Flying an aircraft requires considerably more planning in the pre-flight phase than in the more convenient VFR days where pilots could just turn up and fly. Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) flights are largely procedural, with no tolerance or room for zany spontaneity.
Read more: What Are Non-Standard and Standard Alternate Minimums?
Radio failure during Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) flights can be frightening for even the most seasoned pilots. Although an alarming situation, radio failure might not necessarily qualify as an emergency. However, certain protocols for radio failure exist to assist in the uncertain situation.
Here are some basics of flight training under 14 CFR part 61:
Airline companies use various systems to establish guidelines by which flights can be flown. Typically, they're set in accordance with a company's goals for equipment and fuel conservation.